---
title: CentOS在线安装pg、postgis、geoserver
date: 2022-06-06
author: ac
tags: 
 - pg
 - postgis
 - geoserver
categories: 
 - Database
---

## CentOS在线安装pg、postgis、geoserver

### 1.查看环境

```shell
[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Linux"
VERSION="7 (Core)"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="7"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"

CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"
CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"

```



### 2.安装PostgreSQL

> 官方教程：https://www.postgresql.org/download/linux/redhat/

![image-20221028160310846](./images/image-20221028160310846.png)

```shell
# Install the repository RPM:
sudo yum install -y https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm

# Install PostgreSQL:安装pg的服务端
sudo yum install -y postgresql13-server

# Optionally initialize the database and enable automatic start:初始化pg和设置自动启动
sudo /usr/pgsql-13/bin/postgresql-13-setup initdb
sudo systemctl enable postgresql-13
sudo systemctl start postgresql-13
```

卸载命令：`yum remove postgresql13*`

#### 2.1创建用户和数据库

> PostgresSQL安装后会自动创建postgres用户，无密码

```shell
[root@localhost data]# su postgres
bash-4.2$ psql
psql (13.8)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# create user test_user with password 'AuguritIot@2022';
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# create database test owner test_user;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=# grant all privileges on database test to test_user;
GRANT

#\q可退出psql
#exit可退出bash命令行
```



#### 2.2.配置连接

> 安装完pg之后，默认是只接受本地访问连接。

如果想在其他主机上访问PostgreSQL数据库服务器，需要配置**pg_hba.conf**和**postgresql.conf**文件，以允许客户端连接。

- **pg_hba.conf：**配置对数据库的访问权限；（默认路径在/var/lib/pgsql/13/data）

- **postgresql.conf：**配置PostgreSQL数据库服务器的相应的参数。（默认路径在/var/lib/pgsql/13/data）

1、取消**listen_address**的注释

```shell
#找到postgresql.conf
[root@localhost data]# vi postgresql.conf
# - Connection Settings -

listen_addresses = '*'         # what IP address(es) to listen on;
                                        # comma-separated list of addresses;
                                        # defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
                                        # (change requires restart)
port = 5432                            # (change requires restart)
max_connections = 100                   # (change requires restart)
#superuser_reserved_connections = 3     # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_directories = '/var/run/postgresql, /tmp'  # comma-separated list of directories
                                        # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_group = ''                 # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_permissions = 0777         # begin with 0 to use octal notation
                                        # (change requires restart)
#bonjour = off                          # advertise server via Bonjour
                                        # (change requires restart)
-- INSERT --
#Esc ,保存退出
:wq
```

2、增加

所有IP都是使用密码登录:host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5

```shell
# TYPE  DATABASE        USER            ADDRESS                 METHOD

# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
local   all             all                                     peer
# IPv4 local connections:
host    all             all             127.0.0.1/32            scram-sha-256
host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5
# IPv6 local connections:
host    all             all             ::1/128                 scram-sha-256
# Allow replication connections from localhost, by a user with the
# replication privilege.
local   replication     all                                     peer
host    replication     all             127.0.0.1/32            scram-sha-256
host    replication     all             ::1/128                 scram-sha-256

```

3、重启pg

```shell
systemctl restart postgresql-13.service
```

4、暴露端口号

```shell
# 查看防火墙状态
systemctl status firewalld
# 暴露5432端口 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3690/tcp --permanent
[root@localhost data]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5432/tcp --permanent
success
# 重新启动防火墙
[root@localhost data]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
# 检查是否生效
[root@localhost data]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=5432/tcp
yes

```

```shell
# 查看防火墙开放的所有端口
firewall-cmd --list-ports

# 查看进程
ps -ef|grep svn
# 查看进程端口
netstat -lntup 
```





### 3安装PostGIS

> 官方教程：https://postgis.net/install/

1、安装postgis的依赖包

```shell
[root@localhost conf]# rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
```

2、安装postgis

```shell
yum install postgis31_13.x86_64
```

> 这里的`31_13`是(**postgis_v**)_(**pg_v**)，版本对应关系。

```shell
# 查看版本
[root@localhost /]# yum search postgis31
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
 * centos-sclo-rh: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * centos-sclo-sclo: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: hkg.mirror.rackspace.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
============================================================================== N/S matched: postgis31 ==============================================================================
postgis31_10.x86_64 : Geographic Information Systems Extensions to PostgreSQL
postgis31_10-client.x86_64 : Client tools and their libraries of PostGIS
postgis31_10-devel.x86_64 : Development headers and libraries for PostGIS
postgis31_10-docs.x86_64 : Extra documentation for PostGIS
postgis31_10-gui.x86_64 : GUI for PostGIS
postgis31_10-utils.x86_64 : The utils for PostGIS
postgis31_11.x86_64 : Geographic Information Systems Extensions to PostgreSQL
postgis31_11-client.x86_64 : Client tools and their libraries of PostGIS
postgis31_11-devel.x86_64 : Development headers and libraries for PostGIS
postgis31_11-docs.x86_64 : Extra documentation for PostGIS
postgis31_11-gui.x86_64 : GUI for PostGIS
postgis31_11-utils.x86_64 : The utils for PostGIS
postgis31_12.x86_64 : Geographic Information Systems Extensions to PostgreSQL
postgis31_12-client.x86_64 : Client tools and their libraries of PostGIS
postgis31_12-devel.x86_64 : Development headers and libraries for PostGIS
postgis31_12-docs.x86_64 : Extra documentation for PostGIS
postgis31_12-gui.x86_64 : GUI for PostGIS
postgis31_12-utils.x86_64 : The utils for PostGIS
postgis31_13.x86_64 : Geographic Information Systems Extensions to PostgreSQL
postgis31_13-client.x86_64 : Client tools and their libraries of PostGIS
postgis31_13-devel.x86_64 : Development headers and libraries for PostGIS
postgis31_13-docs.x86_64 : Extra documentation for PostGIS
postgis31_13-gui.x86_64 : GUI for PostGIS
postgis31_13-utils.x86_64 : The utils for PostGIS
postgis31_14.x86_64 : Geographic Information Systems Extensions to PostgreSQL
postgis31_14-client.x86_64 : Client tools and their libraries of PostGIS
postgis31_14-devel.x86_64 : Development headers and libraries for PostGIS
postgis31_14-docs.x86_64 : Extra documentation for PostGIS
postgis31_14-gui.x86_64 : GUI for PostGIS
postgis31_14-utils.x86_64 : The utils for PostGIS

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

```

[这里](https://trac.osgeo.org/postgis/wiki/UsersWikiPostgreSQLPostGIS)可以查看postgis与pg版本支持的对应关系。



3、在指定的数据库(`test`)中启用postgis空间扩展：

```shell
[root@localhost pgsql]# su postgres
bash-4.2$ psql -d test
psql (13.8)
Type "help" for help.
test=# create extension postgis;
CREATE EXTENSION
test=# select postgis_version();
            postgis_version
---------------------------------------
 3.1 USE_GEOS=1 USE_PROJ=1 USE_STATS=1
(1 row)

test=#
test=# \q
bash-4.2$ exit
exit
```

下面的语句是官网给出的PostGIS可安装的扩展命令：

```sql
-- Enable PostGIS (as of 3.0 contains just geometry/geography)
CREATE EXTENSION postgis;
-- enable raster support (for 3+)
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_raster;
-- Enable Topology
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology;
-- Enable PostGIS Advanced 3D
-- and other geoprocessing algorithms
-- sfcgal not available with all distributions
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_sfcgal;
-- fuzzy matching needed for Tiger
CREATE EXTENSION fuzzystrmatch;
-- rule based standardizer
CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer;
-- example rule data set
CREATE EXTENSION address_standardizer_data_us;
-- Enable US Tiger Geocoder
CREATE EXTENSION postgis_tiger_geocoder;
```



### 4.GeoServer

#### 4.1 查看是否有jre

```shell
[root@localhost data]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_291"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_291-b10)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.291-b10, mixed mode)

```

#### 4.2 安装Tomcat

> 这里采用war包的形式部署GeoServer

1、下载、解压Tomcat。查看tomcat资源：https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi

```shell
[root@localhost Downloads]# wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.68/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.68.tar.gz
[root@localhost Downloads]# tar xvf apache-tomcat-9.0.68.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost Downloads]# mv /usr/local/apache-tomcat-9.0.68/ /usr/local/tomcat/

```

2、修改tomcat配置

```shell
#查看全局中是否有配置JAVA_HOME变量，找到Java的路径

[root@localhost bin]# cat /etc/profile
...
export JAVA_HOME=/newData/installPackage/jdk1.8.0_291
...
```

配置tomcat的方式有很多：

- 在全局的/etc/profile中添加`TOMCAT_HOME`、`CATALINA_HOME`、`CLASS_PATH`，网上示例：

  ```shell
   export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
   export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
   export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
   export CLASS_PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tool.jar
   export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/java/bin:/usr/local/tomcat/bin
  ```

- 在`catalina.sh`文件和`setclasspath.sh`文件添加Java的路径

  ```shell
  #修改setclasspath.sh
  vi /usr/local/tomcat/bin/setclasspath.sh
  #增加如下配置：
  export JAVA_HOME=/newData/installPackage/jdk1.8.0_291
  
  #修改catalina.sh
  vi /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh
  #增加如下配置：
  export JAVA_HOME=/newData/installPackage/jdk1.8.0_291
  ```

  

3、修改端口

```shell
[root@localhost bin]# vi /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml

#端口修改
...
<Connector port="8088" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
...
:wq
```



```shell
# 暴露端口
[root@localhost bin]# firewall-cmd --add-port=8088/tcp --permanent
# 重新加载防火墙规则
[root@localhost bin]# firewall-cmd --reload
```

4、启动/停止

```shell
[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin && sh startup.sh

[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin && sh shutdown.sh

```

5、设置开机启动

配置Tomcat开机启动很简单，将Tomcat配置为系统服务即可。

- 配置tomcat9.service：

  ```shell
  #创建Tomcat9服务文件
  vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat9.service
  
  #tomcat9.service文件内容：
  
  [Unit]  
  Description=Tomcat9  
  After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target  
  
  [Service]  
  Type=forking  
  
  ExecStart=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
  ExecReload=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
  ExecStop=/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
  
  [Install]
  WantedBy=multi-user.target
  ```

  

- 配置开机启动：

  ```shell
  #设置Tomcat9开机启动
  systemctl enable tomcat9
  
  #启动tomcat9服务
  systemctl start tomcat9
  ```

  

#### 4.3 部署geoserver.war包

```shell
#下载
[root@localhost webapps]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps
[root@localhost webapps]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/geoserver/files/GeoServer/2.21.2/geoserver-2.21.2-war.zip

```

下载失败！

本地下载完后用`scp`命令上传到服务器。

- 用lrzsz上传，lrzsz是一款程序，在linux中可以代替ftp的上传和下载

- 用WinSCP工具，将war包上传webapp目录下

重新启动一下tomcat



### 补充

**Tomcat配置跨域**

1. 引用跨域报 `cors-filter.jar`、`java-property-utils.jar`

2. 修改Tomcat的配置文件`config\web.xml`，在根节点追加：

   ```xml
   <filter>
       <filter-name>CORS</filter-name>
       <filter-class>com.thetransactioncompany.cors.CORSFilter</filter-class>
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
       <filter-name>CORS</filter-name>
       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
   ```

3. 重启Tomcat